Grammar review Word Forms

WORD FORMS 
Grammar review 
Nouns 
 Some common noun endings: 
 Common endings for nouns that refer to persons 
- tion informtaion - ery recovery 
- dom freedom - ship friendship 
- ence experience - tude attitude 
- ance acceptance - ism criticism 
- ity creativity - logy biology 
- hood childhood - cracy democracy 
- ness happiness - ment experiment 
- er writer - ee retiree 
- or governor - ic comic 
- ist psychologist - ian technician 
Verbs 
 Verbs may be action verbs or linking 
verbs. 
 Eg: She exercises every day. 
 They seem upset. 
 Common verb endings 
 - ize sanitize - ify notify 
- en lengthen - ate incorporate 
Adjectives 
-ic energetic -ate moderate -ing interesting 
-ible possible -ical logical -ile hostile 
-ed bored -y cloudy -al mechanical 
-less hopeless -ory compulsory -ly costly 
-ial industrial -ish sluggish -ive attractive 
-ous generous -able comfortable -ful colorful 
Confusable Adjectives & adverbs 
Confusable Adjectives & adverbs 
close closely deep deeply 
free freely hard hardly 
high highly late lately 
near nearly short shortly 
wide widely most mostly 
B. Changes in meaning when adding –ly to an adjective to form an adverb 
Confusable Adjectives & adverbs 
B. Changes in meaning when adding –ly to an adjective to form an adverb 
1. They sat close together. (=near) I sat and watched everyone closely. 
(=carefully) 
2. Children under five travel free. (=without 
payment) 
EU citizens can now travel freely between 
member states. 
3. I am not very good at jumping high. This is a highly paid job. (very, at a high 
level) 
4. A bomb exploded somewhere near. The bottle’s nearly empty. (=almost) 
5. Open your mouth wide. The idea is now widely accepted. (=by 
many people) 
6. He stood with his hands deep in his pockets. He tried to breathe deeply to keep calm. 
7. He always studies hard. There’s hardly any tea left. (=almost no) 
8. The products were delivered late. Lately, I’ve been redecorating the house. 
9. I’d never let you go short of anything. (lack) She arrived shortly after that. (=not long) 
10. You are the most interesting person in this 
class. 
The sauce is mostly cream. (=mainly) 
ADVERBS of FREQUENCY 
Grammar review 
Adverbs of Frequency 
 Adverbs of Frequency = adverbs which 
indicates us how often we do sth. 
 Definite frequency adverbs: usually go at the 
beginning / end of a sentence 
 E.g. Mr. Johnson walks to work every day. 
Indefinite frequency adverbs 
 After BE 
E.g He is always busy. 
 Before all other simple verbs 
E.g. He often wakes up early. 
 Between the first auxiliary and the main 
verb in a complex verb form 
E.g. He has always liked you.