Load and Transfer Instructions
The Load (L) and Transfer (T) instructions enable you to
program an interchange of information between input or
output modules and memory areas, or between memory
areas.
The CPU executes these instructions in each scan cycle as
unconditional instructions, that is, they are not affected by
the result of logic operation of a statement.
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W#16#296 +296 +0.75 or +7.5 E-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 031 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 28 = 256 + 25 = 32 + 23 = 8 = 296Integer (32 Bit) = 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Sign of Real No 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 031 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 e = Exponent (8 Bit) f = Mantissa (23 Bit) General Format of a Real Number = (Sign) • (1.f) • (2e-127) 2021222324252627 2-232-1 2-2 2-4 .....2-3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sign (+) 00 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 9 60 0 0 00 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 BCD DINT REAL Seite 2 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.7 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples of Load Load and Transfer Instructions (1) L +5 // 16-bit constant (Integer) L L#523123 // 32-bit constant (Double Integer) L B#16#EF // byte in hexadecimal form. L 2#0010 0110 1110 0011 // 16-bit binary value L 3.14 // 32-bit constant (Real) MOVE EN IN OUT ENO MB5 5 FBD L +5 T MB5 STL MOVE EN OUT ENO MB5 LAD IN5 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.8 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Load and Transfer Instructions (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : : L W#16#CAFE L W#16#AFFE : : : X X X X X X X XC A F E A F F E Content of ACCU2 Content of ACCU1 Programm Y Y Y Y Y Y Y YX X X X X X X X 0 0 0 0 C A F E Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.9 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Load and Transfer Instructions (3) 31 23 15 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MB0 31 23 15 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MB1MB0 31 23 15 7 0 MB3MB2MB0 MB1 Load L MB 0 Program T QD 4 QD 4 QW 4 QB 4 Transfer Contents of ACCU1 L MW 0 L MD 0 T QW 4 T QB 4 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.10 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Structure of a Statement Statement group 1 Instruction alone Statement group 2 Instruction + address Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.11 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Addressing Immediate Addressing Direct Addressing Memory Indirect Addressing Address Registers Area-Internal Register Indirect Addressing Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.12 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Immediate Addressing Seite 3 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.13 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Direct Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.14 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Memory Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.15 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Pointer Format Word Pointer Format Double Word Pointer Format Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.16 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Word Pointer Format for Memory Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.17 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Double Word Pointer Format for Memory Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.18 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Address Registers Address registers 1 and 2 (AR1 and AR2) : 32-bit registers that accept an area-internal or area-crossing pointer for commands that use register-indirect addressing. Pointers are used in register-indirect addressing: Area-internal: used for area-internal access to bits, bytes, words, and double words in memory areas P, I, Q, M, DBX, DIX, and L Area-crossing: used for area-crossing access to bits, bytes, words, and double words in memory areas P, I, Q, M, DBX, DIX, and L Seite 4 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.19 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Internal Register Indirect Addressing two-part address An address identifier (ex: “LD” for “local data double word”) An address register and a pointer to specify byte and bit. The byte and bit indicate an offset, which, when added to the contents of the register, indicate the memory location of the value that the instruction is to process. Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.20 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Internal Register Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.21 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Internal Register Indirect Addressing Calculating the Memory Location of the Address ? Ex: = Q [AR1, P#1.1] Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.22 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Internal Register Indirect Addressing Area-internal register indirect addressing has only one possible pointer format: double word. Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.23 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Internal Register Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.24 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Internal Register Indirect Addressing Seite 5 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.25 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing two-part address An address identifier that indicates the size of a data object (ex:“B” for “byte,”). The memory area is indicated in bits 24, 25, and 26 of the address register. An address register and a pointer that indicate an offset which, when added to the contents of the address register, indicates the memory location of the value that is to be processed by the instruction. The pointer is indicated by P#byte.bit. Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.26 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Area Identification for Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.27 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Calculating the Memory Location of the Address ? Ex: = [AR1, P#1.1] Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.28 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.29 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Area-crossing register indirect addressing has only one possible pointer format: double word. Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.30 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Seite 6 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.31 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Area-Crossing Register Indirect Addressing Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.32 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples of how to calculate the pointer LAR1 P#8.2 A I [AR1,P#10.2] Result: Input 18.4 is addressed L MD 0 Random pointer, e.g. P#10.5 LAR1 A I [AR1,P#10.7] Result: Input 21.4 is addressed Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.33 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples of how to calculate the pointer Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.34 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples of how to calculate the pointer Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.35 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples of how to calculate the pointer Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.36 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples of how to calculate the pointer Seite 7 Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.37 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Comparison of Indirect Addressing Types Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.38 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples LAR2 P#20.0 ; L P#24.0 ; LAR1; LAR1 MD120 ; LAR1 AR2; //Load AR2 with P#20. 0 //Load AR1 with //Load AR1 with //Load AR1 with Date: 02.10.2014 File: PRO1_07E.39 SIMATIC S7 Siemens AG 1999. All rights reserved. Information and Training Center Knowledge for Automation Examples TAR2 MD140 ; TAR1; TAR1 AR2; //Transfer to MD140 //Transfer to Accum1 //Transfer to AR2
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